#lang scribble/doc
@(require "mz.rkt"
          (for-label setup/cross-system))

@title[#:tag "runtime"]{Environment and Runtime Information}

@defproc[(system-type [mode (or/c 'os 'os* 'arch 'word 'vm 'gc 'link 'machine 'target-machine
                                  'so-suffix 'so-mode 'fs-change 'cross)
                            'os])
         (or/c symbol? string? bytes? exact-positive-integer? vector? #f)]{

Returns information about the operating system, build mode, or machine
for a running Racket. (Installation tools should use @racket[cross-system-type],
instead, to support cross-installation.)

In @indexed-racket['os] mode,
 the possible symbol results are:

@itemize[
@item{@indexed-racket['unix]}
@item{@indexed-racket['windows]}
@item{@indexed-racket['macosx]}
]

@margin-note{Prior to the introduction of @racket['os*] and
@racket['arch] modes, @racket[(system-library-subpath #f)] could be
used to obtain this information somewhat indirectly.}

In @indexed-racket['os*] mode, the result is similar to @racket['os]
mode, but refined to a specific operating system, such as
@racket['linux] or @racket['freebsd], instead of a generic
@racket['unix] classification.

In @indexed-racket['arch] mode, the result is a symbol representing an
architecture. Possible results include @racket['x86_64], @racket['i386],
@racket['aarch64], @racket['arm] (32-bit), and @racket['ppc] (32-bit).

In @indexed-racket['word] mode, the result is either @racket[32] or
@racket[64] to indicate whether Racket is running as a 32-bit program
or 64-bit program.

@margin-note{See @guidesecref["virtual-machines"] for more information
 about the @racket['vm] and @racket['gc] mode results.}

In @indexed-racket['vm] mode,
the possible symbol results are (see also @secref["implementations"]):

@itemize[
@item{@indexed-racket['racket]}
@item{@indexed-racket['chez-scheme]}
]

In @indexed-racket['gc] mode,
the possible symbol results are (see also @secref["implementations"]):

@itemize[
@item{@indexed-racket['cgc] --- when @racket[(system-type 'vm)] is @racket['racket]}
@item{@indexed-racket['3m] --- when @racket[(system-type 'vm)] is @racket['racket]}
@item{@indexed-racket['cs] --- when @racket[(system-type 'vm)] is @racket['chez-scheme]}
]

In @indexed-racket['link] mode, the possible symbol results are:

@itemize[
@item{@indexed-racket['static] (Unix)}
@item{@indexed-racket['shared] (Unix)}
@item{@indexed-racket['dll] (Windows)}
@item{@indexed-racket['framework] (Mac OS)}
]

Future ports of Racket may expand the list of @racket['os], @racket['os*],
@racket['arch], @racket['vm], @racket['gc], and @racket['link] results.

In @indexed-racket['machine] mode, then the result is a string, which
contains further details about the current machine in a
platform-specific format.

In @indexed-racket['target-machine] mode, the result is a symbol for
the running Racket's native bytecode format, or it is @racket[#f] if
there is no native format other than the machine-independent format.
If the result is a symbol, then @racket[compile-target-machine?] returns
@racket[#t] when applied to the symbol; see also
@racket[current-compile-target-machine].

In @indexed-racket['so-suffix] mode, then the result is a byte string
that represents the file extension used for shared objects on the
current platform. The byte string starts with a period, so it is
suitable as a second argument to @racket[path-replace-suffix].

In @indexed-racket['so-mode] mode, then the result is @racket['local]
if foreign libraries should be opened in ``local'' mode by default
(as on most platforms) or @racket['global] if foreign libraries
should be opened in ``global'' mode.

In @indexed-racket['fs-change] mode, the result is an immutable vector
of four elements. Each element is either @racket[#f] or a symbol,
where a symbol indicates the presence of a property and @racket[#f]
indicates the absence of a property. The possible symbols, in order,
are:

@itemize[
@item{@indexed-racket['supported] --- @racket[filesystem-change-evt]
 can produce a @tech{filesystem change event} to monitor filesystem changes;
 if this symbol is not first in the vector, all other vector elements
 are @racket[#f]}
@item{@indexed-racket['scalable] --- resources consumed by a
 @tech{filesystem change event} are effectively limited only by
 available memory, as opposed to file-descriptor limits; this property
 is @racket[#f] on Mac OS and BSD variants of Unix}
@item{@indexed-racket['low-latency] --- creation and checking of a
 @tech{filesystem change event} is practically instantaneous; this
 property is @racket[#f] on Linux}
@item{@indexed-racket['file-level] --- a @tech{filesystem change
 event} can track changes at the level of a file, as opposed to the
 file's directory; this property is @racket[#f] on Windows}
]

In @indexed-racket['cross] mode, the result reports whether
cross-platform build mode has been selected (through the @Flag{C} or
@DFlag{cross} argument to @exec{racket}; see @secref["mz-cmdline"]).
The possible symbols are:

@itemize[
@item{@indexed-racket['infer] --- infer cross-platform mode based on
 whether @racket[(system-type)] and @racket[(cross-system-type)] report
 the same symbol}
@item{@indexed-racket['force] --- use cross-platform mode, even if the
 current and target system types are the same, because the current and target
 executables can be different}
]

@history[#:changed "6.8.0.2" @elem{Added @racket['vm] mode.}
         #:changed "6.9.0.1" @elem{Added @racket['cross] mode.}
         #:changed "7.1.0.6" @elem{Added @racket['target-machine] mode.}
         #:changed "7.9.0.6" @elem{Added @racket['os*] and @racket['arch] modes.}]}


@defproc[(system-language+country) string?]{

Returns a string to identify the current user's language and
country.

On Unix and Mac OS, the string is five characters: two lowercase
ASCII letters for the language, an underscore, and two uppercase ASCII
letters for the country. On Windows, the string can be arbitrarily
long, but the language and country are in English (all ASCII letters
or spaces) separated by an underscore.

On Unix, the result is determined by checking the
@indexed-envvar{LC_ALL}, @indexed-envvar{LC_TYPE}, and
@indexed-envvar{LANG} environment variables, in that order (and the
result is used if the environment variable's value starts with two
lowercase ASCII letters, an underscore, and two uppercase ASCII
letters, followed by either nothing or a period). On Windows and
Mac OS, the result is determined by system calls.}


@defproc[(system-library-subpath [mode (or/c 'cgc '3m 'cs #f)
                                       (system-type 'gc)])
         path?]{

Returns a relative directory path. This string can be used to build
paths to system-specific files. For example, when Racket is running
on Solaris on a Sparc architecture, the subpath starts
@racket["sparc-solaris"], while the subpath for Windows on an i386
architecture starts @racket["win32\\i386"].

The optional @racket[mode] argument specifies the relevant
garbage-collection variant, which one of the possible results of
@racket[(system-type 'gc)]: @racket['cgc], @racket['3m], or @racket['cs]. It can also
be @racket[#f], in which case the result is independent of the
garbage-collection variant.

Installation tools should use @racket[cross-system-library-subpath],
instead, to support cross-installation.

@history[#:changed "7.0" @elem{Added @racket['cs] mode.}]}


@defproc[(version) (and/c string? immutable?)]{

Returns an immutable string indicating the currently executing version of
Racket.}


@defproc[(banner) (and/c string? immutable?)]{

Returns an immutable string for Racket's start-up banner text (or the
banner text for an embedding program, such as GRacket). The banner string
ends with a newline.}


@defparam*[current-command-line-arguments argv
                                          (vectorof string?)
                                          (vectorof (and/c string? immutable?))]{

A @tech{parameter} that is initialized with command-line arguments when
Racket starts (not including any command-line arguments that were
treated as flags for the system).

On Unix and Mac OS, command-line arguments are provided to the
Racket process as @tech{byte strings}. The arguments are converted to
@tech{strings} using @racket[bytes->string/locale] and
@racketvalfont{#\uFFFD} as the encoding-error character.}


@defparam[current-thread-initial-stack-size size exact-positive-integer?]{

A @tech{parameter} that provides a hint about how much space to reserve for a
newly created thread's local variables. The actual space used by a
computation is affected by @tech{JIT} compilation, but it is
otherwise platform-independent.}


@defproc[(vector-set-performance-stats! [results (and/c vector?
                                                        (not/c immutable?))]
                                        [thd (or/c thread? #f) #f])
         void?]{

Sets elements in @racket[results] to report current performance
statistics. If @racket[thd] is not @racket[#f], a particular set of
thread-specific statistics are reported, otherwise a different set of
global (within the current @tech{place}) statistics are reported.

For global statistics, up to @math{12} elements are set in the vector,
starting from the beginning. If @racket[results] has @math{n} elements
where @math{n < 12}, then the @math{n} elements are set to the first
@math{n} performance-statistics values. The reported statistics values
are as follows, in the order that they are set within
@racket[results]:

 @itemize[

  @item{@racket[0]: The same value as returned by
  @racket[current-process-milliseconds].}

  @item{@racket[1]: The same value as returned
  by @racket[current-milliseconds].}

  @item{@racket[2]: The same value as returned
  by @racket[current-gc-milliseconds].}

  @item{@racket[3]: The number of garbage collections performed since
  start-up within the current @tech{place}.}

  @item{@racket[4]: The number of thread context switches performed since
  start-up.}

  @item{@racket[5]: The number of internal stack overflows handled since
  start-up.}

  @item{@racket[6]: The number of threads currently scheduled for
  execution (i.e., threads that are running, not suspended, and not
  unscheduled due to a synchronization).}

  @item{@racket[7]: The number of syntax objects read from compiled code
  since start-up.}

  @item{@racket[8]: The number of hash-table searches performed. When
  this counter reaches the maximum value of a @tech{fixnum}, it
  overflows to the most negative @tech{fixnum}.}

  @item{@racket[9]: The number of additional hash slots searched to
  complete hash searches (using double hashing).  When this counter
  reaches the maximum value of a @tech{fixnum}, it overflows to the
  most negative @tech{fixnum}.}

  @item{@racket[10]: The number of bytes allocated for machine code
  that is not reported by @racket[current-memory-use].}

  @item{@racket[11]: The peak number of allocated bytes just
  before a garbage collection.}

 ]

For thread-specific statistics, up to @math{4} elements are set in the
vector:

 @itemize[

  @item{@racket[0]: @racket[#t] if the thread is running, @racket[#f]
  otherwise (same result as @racket[thread-running?]).}

  @item{@racket[1]: @racket[#t] if the thread has terminated,
  @racket[#f] otherwise (same result as @racket[thread-dead?]).}

  @item{@racket[2]: @racket[#t] if the thread is currently blocked on a
  synchronizable event (or sleeping for some number of milliseconds),
  @racket[#f] otherwise.}

  @item{@racket[3]: The number of bytes currently in use for the
  thread's continuation.}

 ]

@history[#:changed "6.1.1.8" @elem{Added vector position @racket[11] for global statistics.}]}
